Social England in the Fifteenth Century (Routledge Revivals) by Annie Abram

Author:Annie Abram [Abram, Annie]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: History, Europe, Medieval
ISBN: 9781317964780
Google: JTTJBQAAQBAJ
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2014-01-02T01:21:38+00:00

1 T. Rogers, Work and Wages, 326, and Hyndman, Hist. Basis of Socialism, 1.

2 Cunningham, op. cit., I, 442; Rot. Parl., V, 325, 506–7.

3 Ibid., V, 567; Bickley, Little Red Book of Bristol, II, 128, 159, 177.

4 Ibid., 108.

5 Mrs. Green, op. cit., II, 86.

6 Hunt, Bristol 79.

7 Mrs. Green, II, 101.

8 Brentano says that ‘as trade advanced … it afforded greater opportunities for the employment of capital … the Craft-Gild changed from a society for the protection of labour into an opportunity for the investment of capital’ (Eng, Gilds, cxxxvii). This is, perhaps an overstatement of the case, but it contains an element of truth.

9 English Gilds, 313–14.

10 Ashley, Econ. Hist., II, 125.

11 Ibid., 131.

12 Ibid., 130.

13 T. Smith, op. cit., 317, and D. Harris, op. cit., 272–3.

14 Ibid.,271, and T. Smith, 315.

15 Lambert, Gild Life, 205.

16 Little Red Book of Bristol, II, 151.

17 D. Harris, op. cit., 276, and Prof. Ashley gives instances of journeymen Gilds in London, Econ. Hist., Part ii, 123–4.

18 D. Harris, of, cit., 276–7.

19 Ibid., 278, and Coventry Leet Book, 92–4.

20 Riley, Memorials of London, pp. 609–12.

21 Assemblies of Masons, whereby the Statute of Labourers was violated, were strictly forbidden, and those who attended them declared felons (3 H. VI, c. 1). Hardy, op. cit., II, 578, and D. Harris, op. cit., 276.

22 15 H. VI, c. 6.

23 For a hundred years Coventry was celebrated for clothmaking, and the sellers of cloth were the richest men in the city, and more frequently in office than those of any other occupation (D. Harris, op. cit., 241, cf. 259 and 270). Mrs. Green expresses the opinion that power in the towns was in the hands of merchants and thriving traders (Town Life, II, 251–2).

24 Ibid., II, 129.

25 D. Harris, op. cit., 272 n.

26 Early Chanc. Proceed., 67/169.

27 Ibid., 10/68 and 11/367.

28 Ibid., 106/8 and 186/105.

29 Ibid., 17/50, 28/171, 64/110, 66/236.

30 Eight years. Ibid., 28/171, 38/40; nine years, 15/165, and 94/22 and 108/42.

31 ‘Ordinances of Worcester,’ in T. Smith, Eng. Gilds, p. 390.

32 Early Chanc. Proceed., 6/7 and 19/349.

33 Ibid., 10/124.

34 This complaint was directed principally against the employment of Irish workmen, Little Red Book of Bristol, II, 123 and 128.

35 Rot. Parl., II, 234 and seq., V, 112, and 11 H. VII, c. 22.

36 Has bach, The Eng. Agric. Labourer, 24. Miss Putnam thinks it was effective from 1349 to 1359. (The Enforcement of the Statutes of Labourers, 149.)

37 Rot. Parl., III, 269, 330 and 352.

38 Hasbach, op. cit., 25.

39 Rot. Parl., IV, 330–1.

40 2 H. V, c. 4.

41 Rot. Parl., IV, 258, 330–1, 352.

42 12 Ric. II, c. 3, and 2 H. V, c. 4.

43 Rot. Parl., V, 110 and seq.

44 Work and Wages, 326.

45 11 H. VII, c. 22; but in 1444 freemasons and master carpenters were paid 4d. and food, or 51/2d. without food, from Easter to Michaelmas, and other labourers in proportion (Rot. Parl., V, 112).

46 4 H. IV, c. 14 forbade payment for holy-days.

47 11 H. VII, c. 22.

48 In 1444 and 1495; repealed by 12 H.

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